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Week 3 [22-28.10.18] 7 lessons learned about personal finances from “The Richest Man in Babylon” by George S. Clason.



For some people, money management and personal finance are not the most comfortable topics to discuss because not all of us have enough knowledge and experience that give enough courage to talk about money. In fact, almost everything we learn about money comes from routine financial interactions we perform every day or month like paying the rent and bills or creating a bank account or even by just asking or googling simple questions involving finances. Most of this knowledge, of course, comes to us from our parents and if they didn’t know how to manage money properly, which resulted in financial problems than we might also do this wrong because we emulate their financial behavior. It’s really strange that such an important skill which we will absolutely need in our life is never taught by teachers in schools. Of course, the school system is here to be blamed but if you think about this for a second then you start to realize that the system in which people don’t have a proper financial education is more likely to spend more money on things they don’t need or can’t afford. As a consumer you don’t benefit from this but some other people do. So what can we do about this. Well, the answer is simple - educate ourselves. But where should we start?




“The Richest Man in Babylon” is truly a remarkable book because it teaches us the most crucial things about money that we need to know in an interesting storytelling format. The story starts in ancient Babylon where we learn about characters Bansir who is a chariot builder and his best friend Kobbi who is a musician. The two are very good at their crafts but despite their skills, they are still poor and lack any motivation to continue working for their dreams. So they decided to seek out for some help to their friend Arkad who is considered to be the richest man in the city. The lessons that Arkad gave to his friend is the main focus of the entire book. They are habits every person should build if they want to increase their wealth and become rich. Despite the fact that all those rules were given to men who lived in ancient times, those lessons are still applicable to our modern world. Here is a brief summary of 7 lessons learned from that book:


1. “Start thy purse to fattening”


This statement is actually simple and straightforward. If you want to grow wealth you need to remember to pay yourself first. So if you work and receive some income then you should save at least 10% of all your earnings (if you can you can save more than 10%). Because of the unpredictable nature of future, you must assure yourself by consistently setting aside part of your earnings that no matter what, you have money to keep yourself stable.



2. “Control thy expenditures”

You can’t grow wealth if you have a tendency to spend more money than you actually need. Remember to live within your means and avoid lifestyle inflation. Spend money on things that are absolutely necessary.



3. “Make thy gold multiply”

In order to grow you need to invest your money and let them work for you. That way you will take advantage of time and compounding interest.

4. “Guard thy treasures from loss”

You always need to take into account potential risks that may cost you a big amount of money. The penalty of risk is the potential for loss. If an accident happens you must be prepared for it (for example buy insurance).



5. “Make of thy dwelling a profitable investment”

If you pay rent to a landlord all your life you will end up with nothing that can represent the result of your payments (for example your own house). The book suggests that it has more sense to pay for a thing that you will own in the end.


6. “Insure a future income

Eventually, everyone will retire when they become old and the book suggests preparing for your retirement. It might be saving money like in lesson 1 or having an insurance.


7. “Invest in ourselves.”

By investing in yourself and improving your current skill set or learning a new one you will be able to make more money. When you become more qualified you will be able to ask for more from life.


1. Do you agree with all these rules?
2. What rule you would like to add?
3. What are your thoughts on the topic of personal finances?


Sources:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Richest_Man_in_Babylon_(book)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G4MnrKLphrQ

Comments

Lukasz Mroczek said…
Generally I have o admit that I agree with all these rules. The only thing I have to say is that I hate insurance companies and it’s policies but as for now there are no alternatives for people to keep valuable items safe so…
I don’t know whether we can make a rule from it but I’d like to add that all those rules will be more profitable when you will be self confident and brave but don’t be hasty!

It’s obvious that I’d like to have a nice amount of money but as for now I’m ready not to waste money and save them instead. I’d like to save some money to invest them in near future and generally I’m considering many options so I have my finger on the pulse of finances.

Bartosz Barnat said…
After reading your presentation I can agree with all the rules and if someone wants to have well organised finances they should apply those rules to their life.

You don't want to save everything and don't spend money on fun things or travelling or so on because if you won't use it on something that will give you hapiness so what is the point of saving it. I would suggest creating 3 bank accounts where 1 would be for saved money, 2 would be to spend money on every day need and 3 would be for future planned trips or for example courses you would love to take.

Personal finance is really important in everyone life and it tells you everything about a person. I think everyone should spend a while on figuring out that topic and the future of it in their life.
Unknown said…
Thanks for sharing your opinion. I agree that some insurance companies are very sketchy in their business but the idea of having some kind of insurance (ex. medical or life insurance) is not bad itself. Of course, you should be careful when investing some money. You for sure don't want to end up in some "Bitconnect" kind of scandal.
Unknown said…
A really interesting idea with bank accounts. I think it actually makes sense to manage your money this way. Some people even suggest having these accounts in different banks so if one bank will go bankrupt you won't lose all your money. Thanks for your feedback!
I totally agree with these rules, thank you for this topic, it is really useful and interesting to read. Those rules are not only described in this book, it is a need of how to become rich. I would like to add a rule "you need to love what you are doing". The main difference between champions and guys, who are on 2nd place is full commitment. If you are not in a love with your "work", you will never get a profit from it. Personal finance is a thing that is needed for everyone. If you are 22 years old and you don't know how to control your money flow, it is terrible!
Unknown said…
1. Yes, of course, I read the book "The Richest Man of Babylon." This book is quite clear and logical rules.
2. I would like to add a rule that would be related to charity. Since I believe that in life it is important not only to receive but also to give. And of course, most likely this rule would have sounded "Found the money - share with the needy." This is not the final version of the rule;)
3. I believe that, despite the fact that all the rules are accessible and understandable, it is often difficult to postpone 10%, as there is always something to buy. It is still difficult to pay for insurance 1/3 of the salary. In general, it is sometimes hard to adhere to the rules, but I think that it is enough just to remember them and someday it will be possible to apply them.
My opinion is similar to Łukasz. I also hate insurance companies :P

I would also recommend some others books when it comes to finance topic. First one is "Rich dad, poor dad" by Robert Kyosaki. It's not a new book, but when I read it when I was like in 6th grade I thought that it's this kind of book that will affect your future. Kyosaki talks mostly about rat race and how not to fall into it.
Other book is "Power of habit" by Charles Duhigg. This book will show you how important it is to be organised but not only that. I really recommend to you both of that books if you haven't read it. Cheers!
Unknown said…
I have read this book a few days ago and I don't actually agree with everything. Most of the statements seem pretty logical and meaningful for me but:

1. “Start thy purse to fattening”. You should never forget about such fact as inflation. If you start saving 10% of your income you will be constantly losing some small amount of it due to the inflation. The more you save, the more you lose. I don’t mean that you should spent every single dollar on something useless in order not to lose this money due to inflation but you should invest these money in something you strongly believe is profitable or will be profitable, in something that will make money for you.

2. “Guard thy treasures from loss”. I am not 100% sure but it’s rather waste of money(for most people). The probability of an accident is relatively low so you will simply spend lots of money but overall it’s just my point of view.

All these rules are pretty meaningful but the hardest part is to start applying them.
I think all presented rules are more or less consistent with common sense, so I agree with them. For me they are obvious because I always stash away my money and I don’t spend it on useless things, but there is a lot of people who may have a problem with money. I don’t mean situation where someone is just poor because there is no job or whole country is in ruin. I mean people who earn money, even lot of money but they can’t keep them. I think the main problem is spending on goods which they don’t need, or even spending more money than they have. I think that I would add this one rule to the presented ones. Sometimes it is hard or impossible to avoid taking credit, for example when buying a house, but you shouldn’t fall in debts because of awesome new TV or smartphone.
Nataliya Tkach said…
The latter, as a rule, are beginning to resent that they have not learned anything new or have not found a clear answer about how to get rich. I am not a connoisseur of books on business and financial affairs, but I suspect that any book of this kind will be only an indirect guidebook, which you need to be able to use correctly, taking into account all its features and abilities. That is, any reading by success implies that the person will definitely make some effort on his part. I didn’t surprise anyone now and was a little captain obviousness :) As for me ... Not to say that I learned something extremely new. By the way, most of the points and principles I have already instilled to myself.
I can agree with all rules which you mentioned and generally I found this article very interesting. I think that still not everybody are familiar with those rules so I think this could be a great guide if someone wants to manage their finances better.
I think that knowing how to save the money is as important as knowing how to spent them. People usually save money to afford something they really want to have but sometimes they are too focused on earning that they forget to spend. I think collecting money just for having more of them is pointless and that is something what people should have in mind as well.
In my opinion being able to manage your personal finance is clue to being successfull and I think everybody should spend some time to manage them properly

Unknown said…
I would add something to your rule: "You should invest money in things you love to do." And I agree that young people should learn how to manage their money.
Unknown said…
Your rule might be helpful, but I would rather say something like this: "Know something about money - share your knowledge with others". In my opinion, every person should be aware of the money management these days.
Unknown said…
I would say this, if accident can "destroy" you financially then it is worth to make sure you would be ready for this moment. Unfortunately, life can be really unpredictable. And about first rule, I think that inflation won't be a problem if you would earn money in relatively stable currency.
Unknown said…
It's usually problem of person's mindset and attitude towards personal finances rather than "no job or bad job" situation. Also I like your statement about credits. You should really avoid them unless you know you can pay back.
Unknown said…
Yeah, you're right these rules are simple and don't present something new or mind-breaking. In fact, there are no secret approaches only right mindset and attitude.
Unknown said…
I think following these rules, at first, will make you financially independent then it will make you successful.
Unknown said…
Very interesting topic, in complete disagreement with what I wrote, but I would like to add my principle "respect your employee because it is one of the keys to success" If it were not your employee and respect for him, we would not be able to do it alone.
On the subject of finances, I think that the best option for making money and investing is real estate, and that's where we should invest the most money
Artem Lipovatyi said…
1. I agree with all the rules presented in this article and I believe that they can help in organizing a successful financial life.
2. Financial education. No, I do not mean studying economics at the university. This is primarily a superficial study of the financial situation of their country. I know this is boring. But thanks to this, you can quickly decide when it is better to carry out these or other financial transactions, what to invest in, and so on.
3. I believe that this topic is integral to the life of every person. After all, having thought it over in advance, we can significantly simplify our lives in the future.
Unknown said…
I agree with this 7 rules. I came to rule № 1 three years ago, I noticed that if I save some money right away I receive it I’ll save more than if I make it at the end of the month, because during the month I find some things that I want to buy and spend more money than I planned at the beginning of month.

I create some new rule for me: at the start of a year or after summer make some list of needs, write their cost, prioritize them and write some deadlines to buy them. It helps me define how much I should earn until a certain date and helps to save more.
1. Yes- these rules make sense. All of them are logical and it's a good idea to implement them into practise.
2. Control the expenditures is a very important thing and I want to expend it by "monitoring expenditures and weekly review"- it helps a lot.
3. My thoughts? Managing your finances is a crucial skill and the future yourself will be grateful for it.
Unknown said…
I agree with the rules given in the article. It is easier to read such advice than it actually implements. If I were to add a rule from myself, it would be "Do not spend money on foolishness". It's not about refusing to buy things for yourself, but the truth is that we often buy something that we do not use then or we will play for a while and land in the closet.

Personally, I am trying to save money and this is quite effective. I put money on deposits, but I would like to start investing in something that will bring more profits.
Unknown said…
Great book. Found about it a long time ago and till this days I use some of this rules in my life.
Keeping 10% of incomes and controlling expenses are very important in any person’s daily life.
Unknown said…
Those are some interesting rules, indeed. Looks like they will work if you follow them. Clearly, I have nothing to add, these rules covers every aspect of gaining income and ensuring your welfare in financial terms.
From my personal experience, I can say that my financial control lacks planning. If I've collected some statistics, I am pretty sure that I'd saved much more money. Maybe I have to invest more in personal time to be able to do so.
Unknown said…
I agree with all of these rules - all of them seem to make sense. If I were to add anything to these rules, it would be that one should not be too afraid to take risks - life without risk is impossible, and it is worth it to do risky things as long as the payoff is worth the risk of failure. As for the topic of personal finances, I think that it's definitely something everyone should know at least a little bit about, as it is something that is immensely helpful in making ends meet.
Szymon Gibalski said…
1. Yes, I agree with all the rules presented in the book. These rules are a simple way to achieve more in your life in terms of saving money and ensuring a better future for you.
2. I think that I do not have any rules in terms of personal finances because I am not good at it at all. I usually spend all my money on stupid things and I fine with that. But I have an advice “Do not think too much” it is a simple rule and it makes my life much easier.
3. My main thought is that I am not good at it. I should finally do something with it. Maybe I should start preparing for my retirement because I do not believe that I will have enough money to buy all those expensive drugs.
Unknown said…
I certainly agree with all of these rules and I also think that we should be educated about personal finances at school. This topic is very important especially when we start living on our own. Also there is a huge problem with consumerism in our society. Everybody wants more and more useless stuff which often loses on quality year by year. We are being bombarded with ads and marketing what makes matter worse. If I have to add something to these rules I would suggest to spent some money on some pleasure from time to time. This way we would feel better and maybe get more determined to earn bigger amounts.
I totally agree with all these statements. Personal finances are very important thing for all of us. Everyone should know such things like rules you presented. A lot of people try to save money only by "paying less" or "maybe I don't need it?" but they haven't got any clue what to do to save money more efficiently.
As a additional rule I would add to check your finances from time to time and calculate if you can save more or your situation force you to save a bit less.
Everyday we earn some money and spend it. It's obvious. But it has to be under control. It's really easy to spend all money we have and at the end of the month we left with nothing in our wallet. Everyone should control and calculate their finances every day.
Unknown said…
It is hard to disagree with them. They seem very well made and sensible. I think that the rule number 7 is especially good. If there is any type of goods that can’t be taken from you it is your knowledge and skills. In the end they are what makes you able to live a better life.

Can’t think of any.

I think I should spend more time thinking on the topic of personal finances and management of it, not just mu financial state.
I read quite a few of those kind of books in my life. And many of them basically reiterate the same rules. Most of them are in the article and in the book you mention, but there are some other ideas I found useful. I'll share 2 of them:
- except for paying yourself (saving 10% of your income) also set aside another 10% of your money and just blow it off on whatever you wish. People are earning money also to feel good, to buy themselves something pretty, or a game or something for their hobby. But then they spend it on other things or save and there is a growning pressure to spend some money on ourselves. And that sometimes eats our savings once we feel like we just have to buy something expensive.
So set aside 10% of your earnings each month and just have fun with it. It's healthy for your soul.
- don't mistake buying expensive things and investing. Buying a car or a house is not investing. It actually increases your costs of living and will not bring you any new money.
1) I agree with all of them :)

2) If i could i will add only one rules: try to keep all rules, but remember about the most important of them its don't be stingy for your friends/ family, because money cannot replace the people.

3) In my opinion people who are satisfacted for their personal finances don't have a problem to talk about their financial status. For example many often they meet with other person to talk about buisness or their a new investiotion.
Unknown said…
Nowadays, money plays a major role in our lives. It’s much easier to spend them then to accumulate. Presented rules are very transparent and they hit straight to the point. If you want to have a peaceful future you should follow them. I also have a proposition that I can add to that list. Your money will be safer when you have it on the more than one account. There are many cases of the theft from accounts, so you can minimalze the risk of lost money that way. My finances are in the good place. I realize that my future is in my hands and I mainly invest in myself, not forgetting about having some savings.
Unknown said…
Basicly I can agree and disagree with some of the rules. Let me explain:
It's good to save 10% of income every month. It's stupid not to have insurance. It's very good to make money "work". But you know what? I prefer the lifestyle where I can affrod buying many things that I like, invest in my hobbies etc. That's how I develop myself in times like these. For me it's stupid to buy only necessary things, what fun from life do you have? More money? I want to live now, not beeing rich at the age of 60-70 when I will have no health and power to invest in my hobbies. I will have money like I do now cause of the savings, but I want to afford a tasty cheesburger than eating bread with cheese. I prefer to buy some games, guitars, spiders, go to restaurant every week with my girlfriend, than sitting in front of TV calculating amount money which and imagine what I will buy for those after 40 years :D
I'd like to add rule: "live your life now, develop yourself, but remember about the future".
Simple huh? Have some money, but do not live saving all the time.
Unknown said…
1) I think I agree with all of them - they all make sense.
2) I would say "Live in the moment and have fun - don't let your brain stay in the past or live in the future" - I know that saving money is important, but if you'll be saving money all the time(all of them), then when will be a good time to spend it? My rule is to save 33%, invest in myself 33% and spend it rest on a daily basis. Same with the job - why going to the job that offers you a lot of money but makes you unhappy? I'd rather make less money but live happy.
3) Learn how to make money, learn how to manage your money and learn how to spend it properly. It's your money and your choices - You dont have to listen to other people saing "you just waste your mone by buing XXX" -> simply answear "yeah, it was my money". With better knowlage comes better results. Thats my opinion
1. I agree with all these rules
2. I think it's good to save some % of Your salary for "hobby fund" as I call it. Let's say that each month You save 5, 10 or 15 percents for Your hobby or simply entertainment - because You have organised it this way, You should not hesitate to spend them, You are calm because You have another "fund" for Your house, and another for "bad times".
3. I think I and a lot of people don't have enough knowledge in this topic. Blaming education system is one thing, but I think it's also handy for banks and other organisations
Yes, i agree completely with these rules, if we have respect to the money, money have respect to us.

Live with your owns beliefs, don't give up environment's impact.

I think that implementation of finanacial managment as a subject in high school would be very useful, I try to live on the level, what i can afford for, but every day i observe people who don't do it.
Taking life easy sometimes can put us in huge troubles, we should be aware of what we do and how we spend our money.
I agree with most of these rules but mostly if comes just to saving up some money from every salary and planning most of your expenses. Also you should have always some backup for any random costs. After doing so you should have some savings that you can managa and multiply. Simple as that. Just remember, there is no easy, fast way to multiple your cash. You need patience and thinking. And never gamble, you won't become milonaire from nothing but also you won't be able to loose anything just by some random thing.
Marcin Górski said…
Yes, of course I agree with these rules. It's good to organize your financials.
I think that it's good to spend some money on your happiness. Of course, I'm not talking about everything what you have. In my opinion, it's good to spend about 5% on your lovely things. It can have good impact on your mood and productivity. Next, it's good to monitor your spending. You should be aware of that. When you know about your daily expenses, you can organize that and save a lot of money. To be honest, I don't have any special tools for that. My bank application is enough for me. I have turned on all notifications and created special chart with my spendings. Additionally, I like to make summary at the end of the month.
Illia Lukisha said…
1. Do you agree with all these rules?
I agree with every word. I think finances is of the gaps in current education programs, we more focused on art and philosophy (that's also important), but when we collide with everyday routine like money, we absolutely not prepared for this.

2. What rule you would like to add?
When I was teenager I've read the book, that my dad advised me to read. It called "Rich Dad Poor Dad", and despite many people don't like this book, I personally think it's brilliant. In this book was a thought, that we should invest in actives, and not in passives, that basically means, if something you purchase does not help you earn, and just burns your money, maybe you don't need to buy it.

3. What are your thoughts on the topic of personal finances?
I think that's finances is really important part of our lives, and we should care about them more.
Maciej Nowak said…
I agree with these rules as they come from common sense in my opinion. I might have a little problem with controlling my expenditures as I usually pay with my credit card and it is harder to control how much money I have spend in a shop or club, but this problem isn't severe as I still save money for the future. I would like to add a rule that doesn't fit to those seven rules but for me is quite important and the rule is to not make your life just about saving money, but to also spend it on some fun stuff, things that you might enjoy, of course, remembering about your financial possibilities.
It is very important to be able to manage your money. It is very important to be able to competently invest your money in the right place. There are two concepts: active and passive. For example, suppose you have one hundred dollars. You can donate to your passive or active. I will write about passive. Contributing to this is, for example, buying a home. Yes, all is well, you have your place in this city. But your contribution will bring you only pleasure and not money. You will pay for utilities, your contribution will be pumped out from your money. But you can turn this passive into an active. For example: you can buy an apartment and later rent it out, so you will receive income. The second scenario. You can put your savings in an active. For example, organize your own business. If you are able to think well and count everything, you are bound to succeed. And your money will work and grow. For example, buying a car can also be an active if you earn money on your car, for example by making deliveries. The rules are listed above, they are very good to begin with. And they are enough to make you happy if you are unhappy with your money.
After reading the blog post, I agree with all the listed rules. They are reasonable and, most importantly, achievable.

I think the topic of personal financing nowadays is less important than it should be. It especially concerns young people who progress through the corporate ladder quickly and become victims of „lifestyle inflation”. They tend to have bigger expenses than they actually need. I was one of those people as well, although I started to control it after I noticed this behaviour is just not profitable in the long term.
Unknown said…
Thank you for your presentation Nazar! After reading this presentation I can agree with all of this rules. They can help with managing finance which is not a piece of cake! I would like to add a rule 'don't spend money which you don't have' because it is simply way to be on debt. I don't know if I have any specyfic thoughts on the topic of personal finances but I can add that I am person who count my own exspenses and I am concious when and for what I can afford.
1. I think all of these advices are quite essential for having healthy financial flow. But they are nothing that would be greatly revealing. Most of them are probably discovered from autopsy by many at this point.
2. I would add that money spent on things we really love is also investment.
3. I think our education system should more focus on economy or just operating with money. There are so many people that are caught on things like scam loans with 100% RRSO. It could also cover topic of tax settlements
Unknown said…
And again magical number 7. These "specialists" who is good in marketing but not often good in a topic that they trying to explain to people always use magical numbers: 4 and 7. I always skip topics that have these numbers. I can't use my tactics here in English courses, can I? So let's start.

George Samuel Clason is a famous person. He is an american author who write one of the best selling books - The Richest Man in Babylon. The person who started The Clason Map Company that did not survive The Great Depression. Person who wasn't a financier but teach people how to earn money even after his death.

For me his books are nonsense, fiction. If I want learn something about earning or keeping money, I will read financial and economics literature. If these literature will be to hard to understand for me, I will read The Financier by Theodore Dreiser again.
Unknown said…
Of course, I agree with all the mentioned rules, but I think that this is a very "slippery topic”. We have to remember that somebody can use only one from this rules and could build the big money, or the other person could don’t invest money and the same make big money.
I prefer not to say anything about telling people how to make money because in this way I can harm someone very much but If I have to do it, I Would add the rule: „Build yourself” because always in companies consisting of several people later will be many conflicts.
As for my own person, it is very easy for me to spend money without control but in my opinion the main rule should be to think to times before you spend money.
Marcin Zając said…
1. I fully agree with all these rules.
2. I can add advice to plan some expenses like holidays. You can save some money on first minute offers.
3. I think personal financie is very crucial and school should teach about this topic, but ofcourse we cannot overdo it, becouse we can become a miser.
Marta Kowalczyk said…
The rules are quite basic and can fundamental. It is a shame we don’t get to know some basic like that in Elementary School. One more rule I would definitely add would be to invest in other people – to either donate part of our money to some organizations or known to us people who are less fortunate or to buy something for our friend, loved one or a family member. The good we spread always comes back to us, and I believe it is a great investment that we all should make, no matter how big or small it would be depending on our income.

Yes I agree with the rules, but I know that saving money is very hard. Nowadays everything is pretty expensive compared to average salary. Probably if people follow these rules It might improve their quality of life.
Maybe save 10 % from each salary on different account, I am doing it for over a year and I 've never been in uncomortable position when I don't have money for some important stuff.
Personal finances are very important and we should always pay attention to it. It is very easy to lost your mind and find youself in bad spot when something unexpected happen like vist to the doctor or gift for birthday to your loved one.
Unknown said…
I certainly agree with all of these rules and I also think that we should be educated about personal finances at school. This topic is very important especially when we start living on our own. Also there is a huge problem with consumerism in our society. Everybody wants more and more useless stuff which often loses on quality year by year. We are being bombarded with ads and marketing what makes matter worse. If I have to add something to these rules I would suggest to spent some money on some pleasure from time to time. This way we would feel better and maybe get more determined to earn bigger amounts.
Monika Lachowicz s12560

All tips mentioned in the above article are very valuable and useful if someone wants to implement a saving plan in their lives.
Of course, you can have a lot of your equally effective ideas, but the basic question is to think about what I really need? How much do I have to spend this month and how much did I lose on unnecessary things?
I always share my budget after payment, some money is untouchable, it is a part responsible for bills and food, the second part is expenses like pleasures, clothes, etc.
Thanks to this, I never allow situations in which I lack money.

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Owls are nocturnal creatures. They’re wide awake at night and they sleep during the day. If this sounds like bliss to you, then, like about 20 percent of the population who find themselves most active at around 9 pm, you may fall into the same category as our feathered friend. Night owls often have difficulty waking up in the morning, and like to be up late at night.  Studies of animal behaviour indicate that being a night owl may actually be built into some people’s genes. This would explain why those late-to-bed, late-to-rise people find it so difficult to change their behaviour. The trouble for night owls is that they just have to be at places such as work and school far too early. This is when the alarm clock becomes the night owl’s most important survival tool. Experts say that one way for a night owl to beat their dependence on their alarm clocks is to sleep with the curtains open. The Theory is that if they do so, the morning sunlight will awaken them gently and natura...

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The problem with ecological cars emission in UK Since the adoption of the European Emission Allowance Directive in the European Parliament, all car makers have tried to submit. Since 1992, the Euro I standard has been in force, which limited the emission of carbon monoxide to the atmosphere. The Euro VI standard currently applies, which limits the series of exhaust gases. These include: hydrocarbons, nitrogen and carbon oxides, and dust.   The most significant change was brought by the Euro IV standard. For the first time it introduced the limitation of nitrogen oxides, which are responsible for the harmful compounds of smog.   What is smog?   Smog consists of sulfur oxides, nitrogen and carbon. In addition, solid substances such as suspended dust (PM). Dust suspend in atmospheric aerosols may be in liquid and solid form. These can be particles of sea salt, clouds from the Sahara and artificial compounds made by people. These compounds...

Week 4 [06-12.11.2017] This is what happens when you reply to spam email.

James Veitch is a British comedian. In today’s Ted Talk James with characteristic for himself a sense of humor shows how he deals with spam emails and why responding to junk messages may be sometimes dangerous. Questions: What do you think about James’s  way of dealing with spam? Why are junk messages legal, even though it sometimes may be a fraud? Dou you have a problem with spam? How do you deal with with it?