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Week 5 (02.11-08.11) Crowdfunding. The phenomenon of spending money on a possible product

Have you heard of Kickstarter? Of course you have. If you use the Internet, have some friends on Facebook or follow somebody on Twitter there is no way you never saw somebody sharing a marketing campaign of another will-be-superb-in-the-future product. It is even quite likely that you thought about one or one of your friends talked with you about financing a startup using Kickstarter, am I right? I bet I am.

Kickstarter vs. Crowdfunding

What in fact is crowdfunding? According to WordSpy.com the term was first used in August 2006 but the idea is much older. With ease we can go back a few centuries and notice that projects like the Statue of Liberty were in fact crowdfunded, or fund raised as this term was in use these times.
statue-of-liberty
Statue of Liberty - Wikipedia
Crowdfunding became popular with the launch of ArtistShare in 2003 and later with emergence of IndieGoGo (2008) and Kickstarter (2009). Right now Kickstarter probably is the most popular crowdfunding platform supporting projects of any genre ranging from electronics to martial arts, board and computer games to furniture. Some of them have raised millions of dollars. And not all of them have delivered their promises.

Star Citizen - the most crowdfunded project

If you play computer games or you are a science fiction fan, then you probably heard of Star Citizen. If not, then in short it is the most funded (modern) crowdfunding project. It raised just over $2.000.000 in its initial Kickstarter campaing but it wasn’t the end.
Simultaneously they launched a website with PayPal donations and gathered another $3.000.000. The main goal of this campaign was to get a proof for publishers and investors that a space simulator game has its place on the market.  They were so successful that instead of cooperating with an investor Chris Roberts, the CEO of Cloud Imperium Games, the company behind Star Citizen, they decided they would create this project just by themselves. And it was a beginning.
To produce AAA computer game you need much more then they gathered so they continued to raise funds. Right now, three years later you can take a look at their website and see their revenue, which is at $94.000.000, and will break soon with a daily income over $30.000 (status for 1st November).
What was the key to their success? I believe the super star names and a brilliant trailer, which made viral. Chris Roberts is a creator of very popular, old school space simulator series Wing Commander. Besides,  he worked as a Hollywood producer working on such films as the Lord of War. And just recently they have announced the cast for voice actors who will perform main roles in the game - Gary Oldman (James Gordon, Sirius Black), Mark Hamill (Luke Skywalker), Andy Serkis (Gollum) or Gillian Anderson (Dana Scully). We all know these names.

Star Citizen Kickstarter Trailer

Will it ever succeed?

Can we be sure that a project will ever succeed? Unfortunately we can’t. Kickstarter and most other crofwdfunding do not  give any guaranties that money you invest will give you a product of quality you were told to get. Or anything at all. You have to take a leap of faith and hope that invested money will be spent well and will result in a great outcome.
An earlier mentioned Star Citizen had an initial delivery estimated for November 2014. Because they raised more money than they ever imagined the scope of the project changed drastically and right now in November 2015 we are still waiting for anything more then a technologic demo. The expectations are very high and nobody knows if they will be delivered. At the moment we can only hope and wait while we are teased with new images and trailers like this one featuring aforementioned Gary Oldman.

Star Citizen Newest Trailer

Sources

Comments

Crowdfunding does not offer advice and contacts that can provide experienced investors, but, as an alternative to traditional forms of fundraising, represents a breakthrough. In the coming years this will bring significant benefits to those who support it.

It should be emphasized that most of the ideas promoted on the platforms crowdfundingowych is characterized by a high degree of risk. And some of the most popular platforms like Kickstarter or Indiegogo, do not offer to subscribers of shares, but only rewards. A large part of this project plays, books, movies, CDs - which shows how hard it was to raise money to artists so far.
Unknown said…
I've heard about Kickstarter and I think it's a pretty neat idea that people are able to finance their goals and make some cool stuff. I’ve never put money into any projects but maybe if I would have more money and would find something I would really like to see created I would consider donating. My boyfriend donated to Star Citizen and he is really hyped up about it. I’ve heard mixed opinions about it and doubts -will it ever get created but for my boyfriend’s sake I hope it will ;)

I don’t really follow kickstarter campaigns but I’ve also heard there are some scams where people only want to gain money without giving anything back in return. I've recently heard about a case where someone had to give the money back (unfortunately I don't remember the name of the project) but there are also people like a youtuber Anita Sarkeesian who gathered 150,000$ on kickstarter for her videos (instead of 6,000$ that she wanted) and she didn't really provide the content she promised (at least that's what I've heard).
Unknown said…
Wow I had no idea that Statue of Liberty was crowdfounded!

In my opinion crowdfunding is amazing idea :) It is really not a slight pain to donate like 50zł for a project, and if 1million people think the same - the result is amazing :) There is only one thing that I rather don't know. When does the project get money they got on the platform? I have heart that only if they get the amount they said they want (100%), how can we be sure what would they do with the money? Any idea guys?
Tomasz Wojda said…
This idea is HUGE. Today not working only as a buissnes model but something which can make a diference for whole society! I'am not gonna explain why crowdfounding is a great from technical point of view, but also for cultural things and projects that could have no other option to make it happened then throuw that kind of campains. I also love this creazy kickstarter ideas for making "why not" project. Did you saw the "fastest hot tube"?
https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/carpool/carpool-deville-the-worlds-fastest-hot-tub
This guy needed 12,000$ for making jacuzzi in old cadillac car! Absolutely pointless brilliant idea. Second project i wanted to share with you is a guy Larry Lessing, his famous for runing presidntial campain in US in 2016 by ... crowdfunding it! Take a look at this guy and watch about his idea.
https://lessig2016.us/

Cheers!
Unknown said…
As a fun o the South Park series I recommend you guys great epizode about the crowdfunding phenomenon, obviously from sarcastic perspective :) It's called Go Fund Yourself and it is free to watch on the southparkstudios.com. I dont know much about whole idea, but knowing basic concept I'm glad such initiative came to live. For sure it allows independent creators to collect money for their often great projects. At the same time I believe it has positive impact on global economy introducing flow of money directed to international investments. Let's say money seen as excessive for one person land in hands of a person in business need. Probably there are some downsides like these presented in the south park, but all in all it is rather cheering idea.
Unknown said…
That's great idea :) I admit that I hadn't heard about Kickstarter. It's a chance for artists who can't recover money from some investors. it is also a good way for social initiatives that can't be realized e.g from the country budget but it's something necessary and useful for society so I support crowdfunding and I think it's good innovation.
Unknown said…
It's very interesting topic and I really like the idea of Kickstarter and similar projects. It shows the power of the Internet and power of crowd. There is so many talented and creative people, without money only heatedly to work who need just someone who get to like his idea. You need a good idea which can bring profit. If I would have more money to spend and there was some interesting idea I would consider donating.

Of course, the best ideas are very popular as shown in the following article:

http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/235313
Unknown said…
It's very interesting and creative initiative. I heard earlier about crowdfunding but I have never interested more particularly (e.g. I have never knew before this fact about Statue of Liberty). I'm glad that people create initiatives that allow you develop your skills and imagination, ideas and help fund lack of funds for implementation this ideas.It have good influence to people which they don't believe in their own skills or possibilities and also has a good effect on the economy, integrating society. Crowfunding restores the significance of saying that we can all do something good :)
Kit said…
I'm really happy that crowdfunding exists. Of course it creates all the absurd situations like the potato salad https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/zackdangerbrown/potato-salad
And random people get 50 k $ for no reason.
But it also give produces of products independence. Even if you look at the star citizen, if it was regular investment it would had been closed long time ago.
Investors do not tolerate delays, most of times have no idea what the heck is the thing they're investing into and sometimes can be even proud of it. And if someone will tell them that oil investments are more profitable than games for example, they'll drop whatever they're investing into to go and make the best deal.
In my opinion crowdfunding is based on a good idea. You want a lot of money, you ask a lot of people, they give you one dollar each (you don't even notice losing one, so why not donate it to something that you're interested in and find useful). The only thing is that people are very lazy, so it is very hard for them to transfer the money.

I have backed up a project that went viral some time ago, it was a pillow that you would put over your head to sleep comfortably in any given situation. It looked good on a demo and it is made with care and using high quality materials, even though everyone who puts it on looks so embarrassing. However it is SO comfortable that we use it as a regular pillow when we travel, we fight for it all the time. Here’s a link to the store – the kickstarter campaign was very successful and they managed to turn their idea into a business.

The other very successful kickstarter campaign resulted in a release of the movie “Kung Fury” – if you haven’t watched it you can do it here.

I like the ideas of raising money for charity or individual problems. Recently I donated some money for someone's brain surgery and some time ago - for animal shelter. It makes me feel good even if I get nothing from it.
I have backed some projects on Kickstarter - recently, two movies, Revolver and The Bill Nye Film. I think it's a great idea - as Paulina Zabokrzycka said, when every interested person gives a dollar for some cause, the project suddenly gets loads of money.

I also think that a cure for the laziness Paulina wrote about are rewards promised for backing the project. Some of them are really symbolic ones, but I like receiving them anyway. For example, for backing Revolver, I got a postcard, handwritten by one of the makers, and for backing The Bill Nye Film I got a set of Bill Nye emojis, a T-shirt, some rare materials about him, and a possibility to see the movie once it's released. I think it's a fair deal. :)
Unknown said…
Crowdfounding sites such as Kickstarter are a great tools to see if a product can be profitable. Some time ago I was working on an app for a startup which won a Kickstarter campaign. As far as I know success on a crowdfounding site is also a big deal when you want to get money from venture capital.
Unknown said…
Crowdfunding or fundraising in general is not and never was about getting part of shares. It is common misunderstanding. In most cases you, a supporter, get just a symbolic brick or a copy of finished product. In fact I never heard of a campaign during which the author would offer shares of his company.
Unknown said…
And that's the thing with crowdfunding. You can't expect anything at all will be delivered to you. Kickstarter moderators are doing their job pretty well and we don't hear about scam projects very often. To be honest I've heart about such cases just once or twice. But even the most sincere people or companies could fail after gathering money. They could miscalculate the budget or, even worse, gather so much money that they don't know what to do with it. Yeah, seriously. That could be the case with mentioned by you Anita Sarkeesian. A person who wanted $6.000 knew exactly what to do with a single cent. When she get over $150.000 she still knew what to do with every cent of $6.000 she planned to get. To spend such money in a creative way and in the best case have the investment return is a very hard thing to accomplish.
Unknown said…
It's more or less like that, at least on Kickstarter. You make a goal, i.e. $100.000 and if your backers beat it you will get all the money. Those $100.000 and anything above that. But in case you gathered even $99.999 of your $100.000 goal you get nothing. Coming a dollar short would be like a second place in Olympic games I think. But this money isn't wasted. In such case it's not taken from backers at all so you as a backer can be sure that your money will go straight to the project or it will stay in your wallet.
Unknown said…
To be honest crowdfunding political campaign is nothing new. All political parties are taking donations from people and companies since like ever. On top of that there are also budget funds for well established parties but smaller or new ones go solely from fundraising.
Unknown said…
Thanks! I'll watch it for sure in a spare moment.
Unknown said…
When I was writing this article I wondered if it is even possible that it will be read by a person who don't know about Kicstarter. I hope that it was a good read.
Unknown said…
You can always consider donating! Even $1 can make a difference for so many projects.
Unknown said…
Yup, to have an investor who expects only ROI (return on investment) can be very limiting. If Star Citizen have an investor it wouldn't be the same project. It would be half of or even quarter of what it aims to be. Maybe it will fail to deliver because aiming to high but if not it will be great. With investor behind it would be just good.
Unknown said…
I hoped that Statue of Liberty will gain some attraction to this article. As you say. We can all do something good. :)
Michal Kulesza said…
I've backed several projects on Kickstarter and Indiegogo - these are best places to get new gadgets before they will be available in shops.

I've also heard that it's best place to check if your idea or product can be profitable without high investments and results of such 'research' are crucial for getting money from other, huge investors.

One thing I don't like are stretch goals - it's like if people will donate half of the amount - you still have to pay money and instead of fully featured product you are getting some MVP.
Unknown said…
Crowdfouding became relatively highly popular through recent years and i'm a great fan of the idea. Basically the point is to raise money for early stage start-ups. The pron of that is that you raise money for project without giving away any equity of the company. However the con is that you raise only capital however you do not get any kind of support from any specialist, but then again platforms like kickstarter is for kind of start-ups which do have the skill and seek only for money before they will reach out to real Venture Capital investors (nothing like business Angel). Nevertheless it's requires almost as much effort as going to a potential investor.In order to promote you product on Kickstarter, you must have at least workig prototype of your product. That is being checked during the process of founding. Otherwise the money that was raised is being sent back to the “crowd”. Simple example there is a start up which introduced a laser shaver. After raising over 500,000 $ the money from their web account was blocked due to lack of proof for the working prototype. However they started new campaign on IndieGoGo and keep on raising new capital. Although i’m not sure if they will get blocked soon. Anyway crowdfunding is a great opportunity for start ups and it help define the demand for certain product anyway. Therefore im much of supporter of this idea.
In my opinion crowdfunding is a positive strategy to attract investors. It bares risk especially for the smaller investors similar to Bitcoin transactions. Venture capital firms have greater expertise as well as investment banks to finance tech projects and start ups but have limited capital available. A more regulated crowdfunding market would be the way forward. This would increase transparency and accountability for all parties concerned.
Unknown said…
This comment has been removed by the author.
Unknown said…
Of course I have heard ;) I have never heard about ArtistShare and IndieGoGo but I still hear about Kickstarter. Viral which you quoted isn’t totally my fairytale but it is great and I believe it may be great for the people who like this fairytale.
Generally I’m a Kickstarter fan and I’m happy that it exists. It is very heartening that people support each other. It is great that although you don’t have money but you can create something, sell it and to be great.
Julia Osiak said…
Every time I check out Kickstarter, I find at least one interesting project. It's a shame that so many of them are limited to the States, and similar Polish websites do not offer projects that would excite me as much. I found a couple that I really liked but I haven't supported any of them yet. Very often the amount that I was willing to give would get me an email or a 'Thank You' sticker and that discouraged me.
Unknown said…
I think crowdfunding has two sides.
It defenetely is a great option for startups, artists and creative people to achieve their goals and follow their dreams and for others to feel like they're contributing in something they would like to see happen.
However crowdfunding platforms are often abused, sometimes by people who just want to steal money from people, but sometimes because of bad planning or managment.
In my opinion crowdfunding is a very positive thing, but should be approched with caution and treated for what it is - not a shop but a place for investing money, and investments not always pay off.
Unknown said…
Ok, I am aware of the whole Kickstarted thing and the crowdfunding idea and I think it's a pretty cool thing although I've never supported any projects there. Definitely it's a way for people to start something big. I don't know much about the economic aspect, I've never really been interested in it, but to me it sound like a good idea. I hope it'll help real enthusiasts make their dreams come true and launch some awesome stuff.

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